The Danger in Trifles Essay Example For Students

The Danger in Trifles Essay Susan Glaspells Trifles is a play about a real life murder case that uses symbolism to help bring it to a close. It is easy to see that Mr. and Mrs. Wright live in a society that is cut off from the outside world and also strongly separated by gender. Three of the key symbols in Glaspells play are a simple bird cage, a quilt, and isolationism. Anna Uong of Virginia Tech and Karen Shelton of JSRCC share these same ideas on symbolism. These three symbols are the main clues that help the reader decide who killed Mr. Wright. The bird cage that was found is one of the most profound symbols in the story. Mrs. Hale describes Minnie as, kind of like a bird herself, real sweet and pretty but kind of timid and fluttery(841). The bird and Minnie are similar because they are both caged in. When Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find the broken birdcage, they think nothing of it until they discover the bird. He was found wrapped in a cloth inside of a small box, with his neck wrung. Mrs. We will write a custom essay on The Danger in Trifles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Wright wrapped the dead bird in a silk cloth and placed it inside a fancy box; this symbolises her cherishing of her past life.(Uong, 1) When John strangles the life out of Minnies bird, he also strangles the life out of Minnie. The broken birdcage that was found represents Minnies liberation from John. Just like the bird, Minnie has now freed herself from John by killing him. The second symbol that ties the story together is the quilt, which was symbolic of Minnies life. The quilt that Minnie was working on at the time of her husbands death is almost perfect, except for the most recently sewn block. It is said to be All over the place as if she didnt know what she was about, states Mrs. Hale(840). This is another clue into how enraged and flustered Minnie was. Minnies last straw was when John killed her bird. When the bird died, so did Minnies personality. After that murder, Minnie was enraged, confused, and didnt know what to do. Mrs. Hale wondered if she was goin to quilt it or knot it(840). By quilting the blanket, she would have chosen to endure the pain that John was putting her through, but by knotting the quilt she chose to eliminate it. Just as a knot represents a finishing or a completion of a project, it also was an end to John. The weaving of the quilt also symbolises the building up of the marriage and then the end of it. The quilt started out as a beautiful piece of art and was brought to a close by a couple of sloppy stitches and knots(Uong). Just like the Wrights marriage, the quilt was beautiful until the end where everything was simply a mess. Isolationism also plays a very important role in the story. The Wrights farmhouse is located in a hallow, in the woods. This sets her in a secluded place away from most civilisation. The Wrights didnt even have a phone in their house to be able to call anyone. Mr. Hale came to talk to Mr. Wright about a phone a few times but, he put me off, saying folks talked too much anyway(Glaspell, p.835). This is an example of how Mr. Wright did not want him or his wife to have regular contact with anyone in town, which is another part of John sheltering Minnie and not letting her live her life. This is why Minnies bird was so important to her. It was the only normality to the outside world she had, and Mr. Wright had taken that away from her(Shelton). When John finally killed the bird, he also killed a part of Minnie. .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .postImageUrl , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:hover , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:visited , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:active { border:0!important; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:active , .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234 .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue33cbd7ff0a07e1aa9535abe55afc234:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How an Elephant Made a Poor Boy King Essay Symbolism plays a big role in Susan Glaspells Trifles. Symbolism is what helps the reader decipher who killed Mr. Wright. Glaspell uses a dead bird with its cage, a quilt, and isolationism to create a motive in the mind of the reader. The bird symbolised Minnie herself and how she was suppressed and literally murdered. The quilt symbolised Minnies life and her choices about her husband; and finally the isolationism of Minnie gives her a good motive and reason to want to be free from her husband. Glaspells use of symbolism gets the reader involved in the play and requires the reader to piece together this puzzle of a murder. This . The Danger in Trifles Essay Example For Students The Danger in Trifles Essay Susan Glaspells Trifles is a play about a real life murder case that uses symbolism to help bring it to a close. It is easy to see that Mr. and Mrs. Wright live in a society that is cut off from the outside world and also strongly separated by gender. Three of the key symbols in Glaspells play are a simple bird cage, a quilt, and isolationism. Anna Uong of Virginia Tech and Karen Shelton of JSRCC share these same ideas on symbolism. These three symbols are the main clues that help the reader decide who killed Mr. Wright. The bird cage that was found is one of the most profound symbols in the story. Mrs. Hale describes Minnie as, kind of like a bird herself, real sweet and pretty but kind of timid and fluttery(841). The bird and Minnie are similar because they are both caged in. When Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find the broken birdcage, they think nothing of it until they discover the bird. He was found wrapped in a cloth inside of a small box, with his neck wrung. Mrs. We will write a custom essay on The Danger in Trifles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Wright wrapped the dead bird in a silk cloth and placed it inside a fancy box; this symbolises her cherishing of her past life.(Uong, 1) When John strangles the life out of Minnies bird, he also strangles the life out of Minnie. The broken birdcage that was found represents Minnies liberation from John. Just like the bird, Minnie has now freed herself from The second symbol that ties the story together is the quilt, which was symbolic of Minnies life. The quilt that Minnie was working on at the time of her husbands death is almost perfect, except for the most recently sewn block. It is said to be All over the place as if she didnt know what she was about, states Mrs. Hale(840). This is another clue into how enraged and flustered Minnie was. Minnies last straw was when John killed her bird. When the bird died, so did Minnies personality. After that murder, Minnie was enraged, confused, and didnt know what to do. Mrs. Hale wondered if she was goin to quilt it or knot it(840). By quilting the blanket, she would have chosen to endure the pain that John was putting her through, but by knotting the quilt she chose to eliminate it. Just as a knot represents a finishing or a completion of a project, it also was an end to John. The weaving of the quilt also symbolises the building up of the marriage and then the end of it. The quilt started out as a beautiful piece of art and was brought to a close by a couple of sloppy stitches and knots(Uong). Just like the Wrights marriage, the quilt was beautiful until the end where everything was simply a mess. Isolationism also plays a very important role in the story. The Wrights farmhouse is located in a hallow, in the woods. This sets her in a secluded place away from most civilisation. The Wrights didnt even have a phone in their house to be able to call anyone. Mr. Hale came to talk to Mr. Wright about a phone a few times but, he put me off, saying folks talked too much anyway(Glaspell, p.835). This is an example of how Mr. Wright did not want him or his wife to have regular contact with anyone in town, which is another part of John sheltering Minnie and not letting her live her life. This is why Minnies bird was so important to her. It was the only normality to the outside world she had, and Mr. Wright had taken that away from her(Shelton). When John finally killed the bird, he also killed a part of Symbolism plays a big role in Susan Glaspells Trifles. Symbolism is what helps the reader decipher who killed Mr. .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .postImageUrl , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:hover , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:visited , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:active { border:0!important; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:active , .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435 .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u16413bf6683f64135f04d7aa8d0de435:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Monk Swimming, by Malachy McCourt and The Glass Castle, by Jeannette Walls Essay Wright. Glaspell uses a dead bird with its cage, a quilt, and isolationism to create a motive in the mind of the reader. The bird symbolised Minnie herself and how she was suppressed and literally murdered. The quilt symbolised Minnies life and her choices about her husband; and finally the isolationism of Minnie gives her a good motive and reason to want to be free from her husband. Glaspells use of symbolism gets the reader involved in the play and requires the reader to piece together this puzzle of a murder. This play has lots of symbolism in . The Danger in Trifles Essay Example For Students The Danger in Trifles Essay Susan Glaspells Trifles is a play about a real life murder case that uses symbolism to help bring it to a close. It is easy to see that Mr. and Mrs. Wright live in a society that is cut off from the outside world and also strongly separated by gender. Three of the key symbols in Glaspells play are a simple bird cage, a quilt, and isolationism. Anna Uong of Virginia Tech and Karen Shelton of JSRCC share these same ideas on symbolism. These three symbols are the main clues that help the reader decide who killed Mr. Wright. The bird cage that was found is one of the most profound symbols in the story. Mrs. Hale describes Minnie as, kind of like a bird herself, real sweet and pretty but kind of timid and fluttery(841). The bird and Minnie are similar because they are both caged in. When Mrs. Hale and Mrs. Peters find the broken birdcage, they think nothing of it until they discover the bird. He was found wrapped in a cloth inside of a small box, with his neck wrung. Mrs. We will write a custom essay on The Danger in Trifles specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Wright wrapped the dead bird in a silk cloth and placed it inside a fancy box; this symbolises her cherishing of her past life.(Uong, 1) When John strangles the life out of Minnies bird, he also strangles the life out of Minnie. The broken birdcage that was found represents Minnies liberation from John. Just like the bird, Minnie has now freed herself from John by killing him. The second symbol that ties the story together is the quilt, which was symbolic of Minnies life. The quilt that Minnie was working on at the time of her husbands death is almost perfect, except for the most recently sewn block. It is said to be All over the place as if she didnt know what she was about, states Mrs. Hale(840). This is another clue into how enraged and flustered Minnie was. Minnies last straw was when John killed her bird. When the bird died, so did Minnies personality. After that murder, Minnie was enraged, confused, and didnt know what to do. Mrs. Hale wondered if she was goin to quilt it or knot it(840). By quilting the blanket, she would have chosen to endure the pain that John was putting her through, but by knotting the quilt she chose to eliminate it. Just as a knot represents a finishing or a completion of a project, it also was an end to John. The weaving of the quilt also symbolises the building up of the marriage and then the end of it. The quilt started out as a beautiful piece of art and was brought to a close by a couple of sloppy stitches and knots(Uong). Just like the Wrights marriage, the quilt was beautiful until the end where everything was simply a mess. Isolationism also plays a very important role in the story. The Wrights farmhouse is located in a hallow, in the woods. This sets her in a secluded place away from most civilisation. The Wrights didnt even have a phone in their house to be able to call anyone. Mr. Hale came to talk to Mr. Wright about a phone a few times but, he put me off, saying folks talked too much anyway(Glaspell, p.835). This is an example of how Mr. Wright did not want him or his wife to have regular contact with anyone in town, which is another part of John sheltering Minnie and not letting her live her life. This is why Minnies bird was so important to her. It was the only normality to the outside world she had, and Mr. Wright had taken that away from her(Shelton). When John finally killed the bird, he also killed a part of Minnie. .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .postImageUrl , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:hover , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:visited , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:active { border:0!important; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:active , .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9 .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0606a470e56e615b269c2fd64e1cc9a9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Calculus 11.6 (Directional Derivatives and the Gradient Vector) Symbolism plays a big role in Susan Glaspells Trifles. Symbolism is what helps the reader decipher who killed Mr. Wright. Glaspell uses a dead bird with its cage, a quilt, and isolationism to create a motive in the mind of the reader. The bird symbolised Minnie herself and how she was suppressed and literally murdered. The quilt symbolised Minnies life and her choices about her husband; and finally the isolationism of Minnie gives her a good motive and reason to want to be free from her husband. Glaspells use of symbolism gets the reader involved in the play and requires the reader to piece together this puzzle of a murder. This .

Dragons Essays - Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Diagnosis, Sleep

Dragons Essays - Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Diagnosis, Sleep Dragons How many times during the night do we toss and turn, check the clock, and find it ticking away and tell ourselves, If I could fall asleep right now I would get at least five hours of sleep? But, sleep doesn't come so we continue to toss and turn. This happens to many people and may suffer from a disorder known as insomnia. People who suffer from this disorder have many complaints, and many have similar symptoms. Symptoms can vary from stress to pain to always feeling tired. Insomnia is a very difficult disease to have to live with. It is hard for both those that suffer from it and their family members. According to Linde and Savaley's, The Sleep Book, (1974), the person who has trouble sleeping is not alone (p. 9). They also claim, An estimated thirty million people suffer from chronic insomnia (p.9). Many non-insomniacs have occasional periods when they wonder if they'd make it through a sleepless night. Many insomniacs can't fall asleep because of pain and discomfort. Those that can fall asleep but can't stay asleep might be caused from depression, or too many things to worry about. In Ernest Hartmann's The Sleeping Pill (1978) some causes of insomnia (p. 113). He states that pain and discomfort do indeed play an important part in the difficulty remaining asleep. For those having difficulty remaining asleep might be because of depression or having too much to worry about. In Linde and Savary's, The Sleep Book (1974), Dr. Dale C. Friend claims, insomnia can be classified by four causes: tension, fatigue, discomfort, and in and out insomnia (p. 100). Tension insomnia occurs mostly in executives or people who worry about their businesses. Tension builds up inside during the day and is still inside at bedtime, it won't come out, so they tend to worry and are not able to go tot sleep. Fatigue insomnia happens when people who get tired during the day and then they take a nap in the early afternoon and as a result they cannot go to sleep at bedtime. People suffering from discomfort insomnia often complain of stomach upsets, such as ulcers, toothaches, or arthritis. This causes them to wake up during the night, which gives them discomfort. In and out insomnia occurs when patients feel that they didn't sleep at all during the night when they really did, but only stayed in the first stages of light sleep and woke up frequently throughout the night. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen states in Linde and Savary's The Sleep Book, (1974) Insomniacs spend less time in REM sleep than normal sleepers (p. 110). REM sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep is the final stage of sleep reached in a normal sleep cycle. To better understand this cycle of sleep scientists have used an electroencephalogram to measure brain waves during sleep. A normal sleep cycle consists of five distinct stages with paradoxical, or REM stage being the final stage. REM sleep is what is commonly known as deep sleep. There are many other causes of Insomnia such as the many environmental causes said by Ernest Hartmann's The Sleeping Pill (1978). Hartmann states, any loud noise or sounds that can irritate or aggravate can disrupt a persons sleep (p. 116). When trying to sleep, the littlest things can bother someone's sleep whether hearing the bathroom water faucet dripping or even the heater coming on during the night. All these things can keep a person up all night when they are suffering from insomnia. He also claims, there is a condition sometimes called 'habit insomnia' (p. 116). Habit insomnia is when something caused the insomnia in the past so when the sufferer associates it into habit. For example, when the see the bed that they have difficulty sleeping on, they condition themselves to think that they can't sleep because of the bed, therefore they don't sleep. In Mendelson's Human Sleep and It's Disorders, (1977) Incidence of insomnia was found by doing a sampling of 1,645 persons and it was found that 14% of those tested had trouble getting to sleep, (Karacan, et. al., 1973). The results tended to be higher for women than men and as age increased. Tiller, studied 83 healthy

Psychologist Accused of Fraud on Astonishing Scale Essay

Psychologist Accused of Fraud on Astonishing Scale - Essay Example Some of the consequences of the detected fraud involve criminal charges, penalties, researchers being barred from publishing their works. For undetected fraud, there is always wrong documentation of data and information that can create a problem for other researchers and to the whole society. The acts of fraud can also lead to wrong policies being implemented. According to Nemeroff & Craighead, (2002), scientific fraud is counterfeiting information or changing and altering data in order to maintain certain results. Sometimes scientific fraud includes biased evaluation of results and changing affecting data. Under the context of scientific fraud, there is illegal ownership of information that should be attributed to other persons or individuals. Scientific fraud can be generated from personal bias in order to achieve certain targets where the calculations and observation are manipulated way far from the actual target. Scientific fraud is mainly caused by perceived pressure to continuously achieve at a high level and sometimes laziness among the scientific researchers. The fraudulent act the researcher committed is a fabrication (Vogel, 2011). The researcher manipulated the research data and process in order to suit and reflect certain end product. He might also have committed the actual drafting of research data which do not reflect the exact outcome. Some of the consequences of fraud in research include sanctions such as preventing future publication of material from the offending authors in case of journals, disciplining authors and notifying outside funding sources so that they can stop funding the authors and Pressing of criminal charges against those who commit the fraud. To the extreme cases, they can be banned from practicing their profession. If undetected, there will be wrong documentation of research data and research reports.  

Groups and Teams Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Groups and Teams Paper - Essay Example Harvey Dubin (2005) stresses the need for high performance team: "A high-performing team will produce innovations and results that take the company to the next level." He further adds that this "will reduce costs, increase productivity, shorten time for research and development, and get products and services to market faster." With these advantages, high performance teams are a "must have" for any business organization. The establishment of high performance teams should be commenced by the individual employees' commitment. In starting any specific task, a team can only function efficiently if each of the members vows their total devotion and dedication to the job to be accomplished. Each of the members should not be bound by their past experience but should seek to commit and perform in ways they never have before, opening themselves to new skills and perspectives. According to Harvey (2005): Building a high-performing team is not about people's skills, abilities or knowledge. It's about their commitment. It is not about putting together the right team. It's about putting together the right challenge. It is not about avoiding or overcoming setbacks and corporate resistance. It's about embracing difficulties and leveraging them to galvanize the team in a relentless pursuit of results. A research conducted by the Filine Institute c... Good communication is really a key in achieving process gains. Communication enables the dispensation of relevant information which will aid the whole organization in transferring ideas, evaluating possibilities, and promotes harmonious relationship between group members. Good communication also eliminates probable errors which can be brought about by miscommunications. Cohesion or interdependence is another key in boosting the performance of a team. The realization within the group that they are a part of a cohesive whole whose goals can only be achieved by strong coordination will motivate each member to do best for the group. Cohesion also cultivates each member's sense of belongingness. Meanwhile, Donald J. Bodwell (2002) recognized that high performance teams consistently displays trust, respect, and support for each team member. He argues that "team members need to be coached in the need to trust and support each other" (Bodwell 2002). He emphasizes t he value of support which involves keeping an eye on each team member as well as offering help when needed. In order to become a high performance team, members should constantly show that they are strongly and tightly united in order to achieve a common goal. Nowadays, the new trend in business organizations is diversity hiring. As companies come to recognize the contribution of workplace diversity, it is widely observed that players are closely monitoring the extent of diversity in its human resource. The rationale in favoring a human resource with different origins, backgrounds, interests, and status is fairly simple: diversity will is able to pool together various talents, ideas, skills, and knowledge

Cause and Prevention of Type2 Diabetes in Urban China Essay

Cause and Prevention of Type2 Diabetes in Urban China - Essay Example Rapid economic growth after reformation has lead to lifestyle changes in China's population. Reduced physical activity and unhealthy eating habits inevitably lead to obesity and diabetes, and in fact such lifestyle changes have led to rapid increase in the incidence of Type2 diabetes in urban China. Furthermore, China has now overtaken India as the country with the largest number of diabetes patients in the world, with 50 million patients currently, and an annual incremental rate of 1-2 million. It is predicted that 100 million of China's 1.3 billion people will have diabetes by 2025. In urban regions of China, around 50% of Type2 patients are children. Type2 diabetes in children is easily overlooked, and delays in treatment can have serious consequences. Hence, medical experts warn that vigilance is essential to prevent and treat the disease in children. Lifestyle intervention will play an important role in diabetes management, particularly because insulin injections are too expensi ve for the majority of Chinese. First, a systematic review of existing literature will consider information about the following: causes of Type2 diabetes, medical treatments (effectiveness, cost and benefit), and lifestyle intervention approaches (effectiveness, cost and benefit). Following this, a number of methods will be used to gather and evaluate relevant data. Using the deductive approach will require starting with a general hypothesis; for example, "lifestyle changes are directly increasing incidence of Type2 diabetes and prevention strategies should be implemented". Inductive research, on the other hand, will allow the researcher to account for the possibility that there may be less obvious influences on the rising frequency of Type2 diabetes in China. A mixture of research strategies designed to obtain qualitative and quantitative data, such as questionnaires and interviews, will be applied on selected groups of diabetics, medical staff, schools, doctors and hospitals. Surveys and questionnaires will gather data used in the deductive approach, while interviews will gather qualitative data for an inductive approach. Various research methods used together will help cancel out the 'method effect'. (Smith 1975) Face-to-face interviews are essential to this research topic, and gaining qualitative data is the primary focus. Economic evaluation will involve a comparison of the costs and benefits of treatment versus prevention strategies. It is suggested that such a comparison will show that it is far more beneficial from an economic standpoint to prevent diabetes rather than to treat it. Feasibility Primary data will be obtained from publications by the World Health Organisation, China's Ministry of Health, and Official Chinese News Agents. A systematic

Benefits of Therapeutic Education (TE)

Benefits of Therapeutic Education (TE) The WHO states that â€Å"‘‘the aim of therapeutic education (TE) is to teach the patient the adequate know-how. The patient’s TE is a permanent process, which is part of medical care. It includes sensitization, information, learning and psychosocial support, which are all related to the pathology and its treatments. The education should allow the patient and his family to have a better collaboration with the health care professionals’’ Therefore, TE aids patients with chronic conditions to have better understanding of their disease and learn how to manage it. The main goal of TE is to improve the prognosis of the diseases and that can be achieved by reducing both morbidity and complications. Other objective of TE is regarding public health cost. TE offers patients with OA better self-management as a result it reduces medical care attention and because of lesser help from the medical care it reduces the direct and indirect cost. Further studies are needed regarding on the impact of TE in medical cost. The Haute Autorite ´ de sante ´ (HAS) in France have outlined the overall and specific goals of TE. Improving the patients’ health and patients’ families’ way of living is the general goal of TE. Patients’ achievement and maintenance of self-care competency or the ability to cope with competency depending on background and experience are the specific goals of TE. TE programs should consider data from evidence-based medicine, as well as recommendations from evidence-based practice. The HAS focuses on the important role of the patients in the implementation of the education activity, the demand for a multidisciplinary team to lead the program, and the need to assess the quality and efficacy of these programs. Educational programs for OA include the  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­diseases chronic nature, treatment involving pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy, and lifestyle modification. The educational process must start at the first med ical visit, from the diagnosis, and continue after surgical therapy, with rehabilitation being the best time to begin self-care program. PKQ-OA a questionnaire specifically for OA patient knowledge has been used to assess patients knowledge regarding their condition. When the authors asses the questionnaire, they have found out that there is a wide range of knowledge levels among patients diagnosed with OA, the scores are ranging from 8 to 26 out of 30.Knowledge was not correlated with disease duration or patient’s age or sex; however, the number of years spent in formal education was correlated with high test scores. Most patients know the symptoms of their condition but many methods of joint protection and energy conservation have been reported. Wrong beliefs were identified and common ones are ‘‘OA is caused by cold damp weather’’ and ‘‘blood tests are useful in OA diagnosis’’. Poor knowledge about analgesic were dentified: Avoidance of activity has been related to musculoskeletal disorders. Fear and anxiety may both contribute to the fear-avoidance model in musculoskeletal disorders. A patient’s interpretation of pain may lead to either of the two: An adaptive response, whereby the patient deals with the pain and is more likely to manage it and maintain daily activities that will help achieve functional recovery; A non-adaptive response that leads to maladaptive behaviors, including pain-related fear, avoidance, and hypervigilance. Because of pain patients with musculoskeletal disorders tends to avoid activities for the fear of experiencing it. Now that the patient is avoiding or abstaining from physical activities, this will lead to further disability through unfavorable effects of physical inactivity and weakening of the musculoskeletal system. TE should be included in the management of OA according to European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR), Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI), and The French College of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (SOFMER). EULAR concern patient’s education, physical exercise, technical aids and diet, but do not supply sufficient information regarding non-pharmacological therapies. OARSI insist on the importance of educating patients with hip or knee OA and stating the areas that TE must be stress to patients. Explaining the goals of treatment and the importance of changing lifestyle, such as the importance of exercise, activity adaptations, weight loss and other measures to help the joint(s) are the areas involve in the education. SOFMER highlight the need for educational programs that is design to encourage daily practice of an exercise activity. With these recommendations sufficient details must be supplied for these measures to be implemented, especially patientâ₠¬â„¢s education. The recommendations created by US National Institute of Health regarding weight loss in OA are commonly used for obesity treatment in TE because no specific recommendation exists for TE regarding weight loss in OA. According to the literature and international recommendation TE should be included in OA management. The main goal of the education is to change patient’s lifestyle especially regarding physical activity and weight loss. Education must be started from the early stage of OA, as well as the pre- and postoperative periods. Further studies are required to create a better effective educational program for OA, it is either unaided or with the help of other therapies, and measure its cost-effectiveness. Reference: Coudeyre, E., Sanchez, K., Rannou, F., Poiraudeau, S., Lefevre-Colau, M.-M. (2010) Impact of self-care programs for lower limb osteoarthritis and influence of patients’ beliefs. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 53, 434–450 Self-management aid interventions that can help patient with OA improve their quality of life. One way to offer self-management to patient with OA is through telephone-based OA management program. In this study conducted by Sperber et. al. the program offers 4 components: phone calls, educational material, setting goals and action plans. Among all the participants more than 80% agreed that each component was helpful and the average rating of overall helpfulness on a scale from 1 to 10 was 7.6. Participants of these program said that this intervention and each components is helpful in managing osteoarthritis. Participants most frequently mentioned the health educator’s calls (44 of 140, 31%) as the most helpful component of the intervention. The health educators’ phone call aided patients to stay on task with the educational materials and goal setting. With the phone call patients have ease discussing their condition with someone who has knowledge and understand their condition. Also the calls provided them educational benefit by teaching and clarifying information. Educational materials (written and audio) (20 of 140, 14%) provided patients with information regarding OA and ways how to manage OA better. Audio cassette and easy-to-read references are helpful and with these materials combined with the phone call it will be more helpful for patients with OA. Goalsetting (11 of 140, 8%), setting goal were helpful and and with the consistent phone calls participants takes active role in managing their condition. Participants also commonly said that exercise (42 of 140, 30%) and healthy eating and weight management (20 of 140, 14%) are helpful for managing their osteoarthritis symptoms because implementing these behaviors help them manage their pain levels. But one patient stated that the exercise increase his strength and improves ability to stand up but does not diminish pain. This study has limitation but these results provide information on planning OA self-management support interventions. These program may target and benefit to some patients with OA. Reference: Sperber, N.R., Bosworth, H.B., Coffman, C.J., Juntilla, K.A., Lindquist, J.H., Oddone, E.Z., Walker, T.A., Weinberger, M., Allen, K.D. (2012) Participant evaluation of a telephone-based osteoarthritis self-management program, 2006-2009. Prev Chronic Dis;9:110119. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd9.110119

Race And Law In Philadelphia :: essays research papers

RACE AND THE LAW IN PHILADELPHIA   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you’re ever driving down I-95 through Philadelphia, you will notice an exit for Allegheny Avenue. Allegheny Ave is one of the most dangerous parts of Philly you can drive through. Predominantly black with some Puerto Ricans and a handful of whites, Allegheny is situated between the Delaware River and abandoned industrial complexes. Windows are kept closed and doors are locked as you drive past bums, drug dealers, scorched abandoned cars, sleazy strip bars, cops and crack heads. You can buy cocaine and marijuana on almost every side street just by driving down with your window rolled down. Corners with lots of shoes hanging from a single telephone poll advertise heroin and crack. Once you drive under the L-train, you can amuse yourself by playing the spot-the-prostitute-game. Paddy wagons are never parked to far away and cops patrol by, ignoring the misdemeanors around them and just trying to make worthwhile arrests.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If you go no more than 20 minutes west, you’ll end up in Manyunk, which is directly on the border of Philadelphia, and to residents, is considered part of it. Unlike Allegheny Ave, the main street is littered with import stores, hip coffee houses, yuppie bars and colorful banners that welcome you to the town. It’s a perfect place for happy couples and families to go for shopping, dinning, and entertainment. The surrounding neighborhoods mainly consist of white people who have grown up in Philadelphia. There are plenty of barking dogs, swing sets and kids who play street hockey without a worry besides being home by dinner. The families are mainly blue-collar workers that are able to send their kids to parochial schools. Everyone knows everyone else in the neighborhood and you get the sense that people watch out for each other. Occasionally a cop will patrol by but nothing ever really goes on besides the occasional breaking of the noise curfew. All in all, there isn’t a lot of law enforcement there because there doesn’t need to be.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You’re probably wondering why these two neighborhoods are different. A lot of different factors come into play but I will attempt to explain it anyway. First, environment definitely seems to be a big factor in the direction a community will take. Allegheny Ave is pretty much detached from a lot of the city. The schools are seriously over-crowded and are known to be dangerous.

“Eveline” By James Joyce and “Samphire” by Patrick O’Brian Essay

Both of these stories tell of women wanting to break away from dominating male influences in their lives. Eveline is fed up of working at home and of looking after her father where as Molly wants a life away from Lacy. But at the end of each story, neither woman is nearer to her goal of a new life. The start of â€Å"Eveline† is very descriptive and gives the reader the impression of her life so far. Although Eveline works around the house, â€Å"in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne†. â€Å"She was tired† and these three words set the tone of the story for the reader. In contrast, â€Å"Samphire† opens with the uplifting white cliffs and the vicious sea. â€Å"The wind †¦ brought the salt tang of the spray on their lips†. This opening is also very descriptive but in a different way to â€Å"Eveline† – the sheer power of nature and the quiet and simple home. But both of these openings are effective in setting the scene for the story. Eveline lives at home with her father as â€Å"her brothers and sisters were all grown up, her mother was dead.† This last fact obviously had a huge effect on Eveline and her father, possibly making her father become violent, â€Å"she sometimes felt herself in danger of her father’s violence†. And now Eveline wants â€Å"to go away like the others, to leave her home.† Molly’s problems or intentions about what she wants to do are not known about until near to the end. It is possible though to guess at what she is irritated about – her husband Lacey. â€Å"He had a high, rather unmasculine voice, and he emphasized his words.† He is very persistent, â€Å"three times he pointed it out†; patronising, â€Å"how he had even to be a little firm†; childish, â€Å"wagging his finger†; trying to be humorous, â€Å"made a joke about the shop being a house of ill-fume; but the tobacconist did not understand†; not attractive, â€Å"the thin, fluffy hair that covered his baldness†, and extremely image conscious, â€Å"and how the people would stare when they brought it back†. But it wasn’t all easy for Eveline either. She had to put up with her father who said that â€Å"she used to squander the money† and â€Å"that she had no head†. She had â€Å"hard work to keep the house together† and overall it was † a hard life†. But Frank was a totally different person, â€Å"very kind, manly, open hearted† compared to her violent father. Her relationship with Frank was going fine until â€Å"her father found out the affair and had forbidden her to have anything to say to him.† This is because he relies on her and that he doesn’t want to lose. There is also the possibility that he is quite a stubborn man and that Frank is intruding on his relationship with his daughter. Throughout the whole story, there is the doubt or guilt factor that is preventing Eveline from leaving and going off to Buenos Aires with Frank. â€Å"Now she was about to leave it (her life) she did not find it a wholly undesirable life†; â€Å"her time was running out†, and that â€Å"her father was becoming old lately, she noticed; he would miss her†. Then near to the bottom of the second page come the crucial facts about why she does not want to leave home: the promise to her dying mother, â€Å"her promise to keep the home together as long as she could†. The plot of â€Å"Samphire† is that Lacey sees â€Å"a clump of samphire† on the edge of a cliff and is determined for Molly to see it. Once she has seen it, there is a great satisfaction from Lacey as he knows that Molly is scared of heights, â€Å"heights terrified her, always had†, but he still forces her to look at the plant. The next day Molly â€Å"said she would like to see the samphire again† much to the joy of Lacy. She obviously does this to keep him happy and possibly to keep him quiet for a little while. As they reach the top of the cliff and turn the path, Lacey cries out, â€Å"it is still there. Oh jolly good. It is still there†. As he stretched over the cliff to try and reach the plant, Molly stepped forward and tried to push him off the cliff, â€Å"but as she pushed him she felt her arms weak like jelly†. It is almost as if in her heart she doesn’t want to push him off. â€Å"For a second the wind bore his body and the stick scrabbled furiously for a purchase on the cliff†. He gets up, screaming at her, â€Å"you pushed me Molly, you – pushed me, you – pushed me†. Lacey is in complete shock as he realises what Molly was trying to do. â€Å"Still she stood, stone – still† not listening to him. She marches off down the path, with Lacey following after her. Before he was leading the way, but now she is the dominant figure in their relationship. And still he is trying to believe that it was an accident but he was lucky that she didn’t push him all the way off. The end of â€Å"Eveline† results in her doing what her heart feels is best as well, just like Molly as she leaves Frank to stay with her father. † All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart†. It was a difficult decision but one that she had to make.

QMBE Analysis essays

QMBE Analysis essays The average salary of full-time instructional faculty, within a 4-year degree-granting institution, was collected for each of the 50 states. The average salaries were based on data collected from faculty on 9-month contracts during 1997-1998. The data has been categorized into the following levels of faculty; Professor, Associate and Assistant. The data will be used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the different levels of faculty. Across the 50 states, more than fifty percent (50%) of Professor salaries fall between $70,000 and $85,000, which includes the median salary of $71,836. Based on the data collected, the average Professor salary was $71,851. With a standard deviation of $9516, only ten percent (10%) of the salaries were below $60,000 and less than ten percent (10%) was above $85,000. Associate salaries across the 50 states range from $40,000 to $65,000, with an average salary of $53,052. Based on the data set for Associate salaries, 20 of the 50 states (40%) indicate an average salary range between $50,000 and $55,000, including a median salary of $52,479. The standard deviation for Associate salaries was $5,066, with eighty four percent (84%) of the salaries ranging between $45,000 and 60,000. The results of the Associate salaries display a standard normal distribution. Assistant salaries across the 50 states range from $35,000 to $55,000, with an average salary of $44,517. Based on the data set for Assistant salaries, forty-eight percent (48%), nearly half of the salaries range between $40,000 and $45,000, including a median salary of $44,517. The standard deviation for Assistant salaries was the least of the other categories at only $3,724. The results of the Assistant salaries within the data set also displays a standard normal distribution, as it is bell-shaped. ...

Why psychopaths are really good at getting ahead

Why psychopaths are really good at getting ahead Have you ever wondered why it seems like so many people who make it to the top of the professional food chain and occupy positions of power at work have a similar set of characteristics? You know the type- it’s pretty common to use the following adjectives to describe them as they push ahead and take no prisoners along their inevitable drive toward career success: merciless, cold-blooded, ruthless, ambitious, the list goes on. The truth is, there’s a group of people that often possess these traits- psychopaths- and sometimes the volatile and unpredictable ways in which they behave works to their advantage and allows them to get ahead in our ultra-competitive work world.Why do workplace psychopaths seem to be successful so often? Do you need to be a psychopath in order to get ahead these days? Recently, CNBC investigated why psychopaths are so good at getting ahead. Let’s take a deeper look at this issue and try and shed some light on the â€Å"psychopath questio n.†What is a psychopath?According to CNBC, â€Å"Psychopathy is an inherited mental disorder, an illness that is the result of a deformity in the brain. Those who are born with psychopathy can be dangerous.  They are also often very successful in ascending to positions of power.  Usually, psychopaths are cunning and charming, have an over-sized sense of self-worth, and are pathological liars. They show an unwillingness to accept responsibility for their actions, as well as callousness and lack of empathy.†How psychopaths gain the upper handThe ability to carefully control one’s emotions, allowing for logical decision-making to take hold, while displaying a sheen of chameleon-like charm that helps win the favor of those around them- typical characteristics of a psychopath- can help an individual advance in their career, regardless of industry or field. Simply put, the ability to effectively manipulate others around them, and display a manic energy that comes a cross as high-energy enthusiasm, are traits that are admired and valued in most workplace settings.CNBC notes that â€Å"In an office environment, overly emotional individuals are often at a disadvantage because their judgment is clouded by a desire to protect those they care about. Inversely, lacking empathy, more often than not, will help you in an environment where you have to make decisions that create negative consequences by necessity for other people†¦emotional, empathetic people may struggle to make what are often chalked up to tough business decisions because of the ramifications those decisions can have on other people. Empathy can interfere with you doing your job quite a bit. And in the competitive workplace, empathy is discouraged because it may interfere with what you need to do for work†¦ It is very well known you should not be bringing your personal issues or your emotions to work.†Confidence is another key trait that separates those who are successf ul at work from those who stay in the shadows, under the radar, and typically on the lower rungs of the career ladder- and it’s also something that psychopaths possess in abundance. These individuals typically have an intense belief in their abilities, even to the point of grandiose magical thinking, and as long as it doesn’t completely dip into the realm of absurd fantasy it could impress colleagues and help them rise above the competition. According to CNBC, â€Å"other psychopathic traits that make for successful CEOs include a comfort with lying and a lack of fear of failure. The resulting bravado can translate as aggressive ambition to a corporate board†¦ Sometimes psychopaths’ thrill-seeking behavior and impulsivity are mistaken for high energy and enthusiasm, action orientation, and the ability to multitask. To the organization, these individuals’ irresponsibility may give the appearance of a risk-taking and entrepreneurial spirit.†Shou ld you change your personality to get ahead?So†¦ should we all aim to be psychopaths at work if we want to get ahead in our respective careers? In a word, no. Although it’s true that psychopaths do often present with characteristics that help them advance in their careers, true psychopaths also display a variety of unsavory behaviors that can have the opposite effect. Their coolness tends to veer towards cruelty, and they often possess an inability to effectively collaborate with peers and operate for the greater good, instead operating in a completely self-serving manner.CNBC notes that â€Å"psychopaths are not only able to make decisions without regard for other people, they are also driven by a desire to hurt their peers†¦ Adding to the threat of psychopaths is their ability to deceive those around them. The most disturbing part of the psychopathic condition is that it can be very hard to distinguish†¦ While psychopaths are successful, theirs is certainly not the kind of success others should try to emulate†¦ As they make it to the top, psychopaths may step over, trample on, or back-stab anyone in the way.†Clearly, psychopaths possess a wide array of characteristics and personality traits, some of which are beneficial to no one and can actually be dangerous to society, and some of which that can indeed be beneficial at work. Therefore, the relative success of a psychopath in the workplace depends on her or his ability to control the particularly deviant behaviors while allowing those alpha-like traits to shine. So, rather than seeking to become psychopaths ourselves, we should strive to identify and emulate the positive traits that psychopaths tend to possess that help them make it to the top while avoiding the destructive traits that make psychopaths dangerous to be around, which should serve to help each of us find tangible and lasting success in whatever career path we choose to pursue.

World History. The Mandate for Palestine is an historical League of Essay

World History. The Mandate for Palestine is an historical League of Nations - Essay Example It should be noted that the Mandate for Palestine was carried on by the United Nations after the League of Nations was dissolved. The precursor for the Mandate for Palestine was the speech by President Woodrow Wilson in January 8 1918. The speech on the fourteen points clearly outlined the issues that needed to be handled so that the war could end. The fifth point in Woodrow’s speech states that: A free, open ­ minded and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined (Woodrow, 1) This was meant to ensure that all colonial claims were sorted out and each country granted its sovereignty. President Woodrow believed that all the people in the world were partners of interest and justice had to be done to all. He believed that worl d peace could only be attained if the colonial claims were to be settled in a conclusive and impartial manner. In my opinion, the articles of the Mandate of Palestine did not effectively meet the fifth point of Woodrow Wilson Fourteen Points. A critical evaluation of the Mandate of Palestine indicates that the interests of Israel were given a higher priority than those of the Palestine people. Woodrow’s fifth point states that the demarcation of colonial boundaries was to be done in a free, open minded and impartial manner. Yet, Article 2 of the Mandate for Palestine states that â€Å"The Mandatory shall be responsible for placing the country under such political, administrative and economic conditions as will secure the establishment of the Jewish national home†. This implies that the establishment of the Jewish State was to be given a high priority. It would have been appropriate for the Mandate of Palestine to begin with an objective evaluating the Middle East issue with an open mind without having any bias towards the settling of the Israelites (Michale, 104). Also, the entire list of articles that make up the Mandate for Palestine does not mention the name â€Å"Arab†. This is a remarkable level of bias given the fact that the Arabs were already occupying parts of Palestine. The Mandate hence fell short of the impartiality threshold of recognizing all the affected parties in the dispute as equals. Essentially, the Mandate considered the Arab interests as secondary to those of the Jews. Woodrow’s fifth point envisioned that all the interests of the populations had to have equal weight and equitable claims of the government in question. Yet, it is apparent that the Arabs were given a raw deal. The twelfth point of Woodrow Wilson Fourteen Points states that: The Turkish portions of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an un doubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of an autonomous development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as a free passage to the ships and commerce of all nations under international guarantees. Woodrow envisioned that the Ottoman Empire which the Turks presided over should be split and administrative units formed according to the will of the people. In essence, it was clear that the different peoples of the Ottoman Empire had a right to self-determination which would only be guaranteed by giving them freedom. Although the Ottoman Empire was eventually split, the twelfth point was never achieved full. The main beneficiaries of the breakup of the Ottoman Em

American Constitution of 1787 and pluralism Essay

American Constitution of 1787 and pluralism - Essay Example The constitution took effect on March 4, 1789. The delegation intended to amend the Article of Confederation and set up a new scheme of government. Through intensive debates, the delegation came up with a brilliant federal organization that had a complicated system of checks and balances. They came up with a bicameral legislature that had equal representation in the upper house as well as a relative representation in the lower house. Thus, the main outcome of the convention was a federal government that worked through a constitution that ensured that freedom equality and order prevailed in the country. The American constitution of 1787 promotes the application of pluralism in the USA thus giving the citizen power to govern their nation. Pre constitution America In the 1970s USA did not exist but there were just thirteen colonies under the Great Britain. In the 1970s, not everyone in the United States of America had the same opportunities. Blacks, women, Native Americans, and poor men had no voting rights and could not hold any elective posts. The British colonies in North America adopted their form of governance even after independence. The early leaders of Americas believed that everyone had basic rights that they referred to as natural rights. The natural rights included the right to liberty, life, and property. The founding fathers believed that the only way to ensure that everyone got their basic rights was to form a government that operates under certain laws. The founding fathers studied governments in the history. Most of their interest was in the Roman Republic, a government that existed about 2000 years before the USA was founded. This must have really influenced the drafting of the American constitution of 1787 states (Guide and Reader for American Government and Politics in the New Millennium 187). Rights and freedoms The fact that the authors of the 1787 constitution valued freedom in regards to the pursuit of freedom to own property and contentment , represented 12 of 13 states, and knew the importance of order is an indication that they would create a pluralist democracy. All fifty-five states delegates who went to Philadelphia to make the constitution believed that the people had to have economic and religious freedom in which they can express their opinions to make the USA a better place to live. Moreover, they had the understanding that ownership of property was an individual right and neither the state government nor the federal governments could deny the people such rights. â€Å"Their vision was that individuals would be to define their interests in terms of the national government and strengthen it† (American Government and Politics in the New Millennium 56). The authors of the constitution â€Å"realized that without a strong national government, the U.S. would implode because of the failure of the state governments to cooperate and look beyond their parochial interests† (states Guide and Reader for Amer ican Government and Politics in the New Millennium 54) Branches of the government Federalism advocates that the constitution made a pluralist democracy by creating separate levels of government so that the laws made by the officials would represent many interests from diverse states. Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances create a pluralist democracy through purposely making four institutions of government that are chosen in a staggered selection so that they would not be loyal not only within themselves but certainly not to others. The constitution purposely separated the national government into three parts- executive, judicial, legislative- and provided them with shared powers. Madison realized that â€Å"Besides separating the government into t